Trends in smoking behaviour between 1985 and 2000 in nine European countries by education

Trends in smoking behaviour between 1985 and 2000 in nine European countries by education.

OBJECTIVE To examine whether trends in smoking behaviour in Western Europe between 1985 and 2000 differed by education group. DESIGN Data of smoking behaviour and education level were obtained from national cross sectional surveys conducted between 1985 and 2000 (a period characterised by intense tobacco control policies) and analysed for countries combined and each country separately. Annual...

2000 in nine European countries by education

Sunshine Policies and Murky Shadows in Europe: Disclosure of Pharmaceutical Industry Payments to Health Professionals in Nine European Countries

Relationships between health professionals and pharmaceutical manufacturers can unduly influence clinical practice. These relationships are the focus of global transparency efforts, including in Europe. We conducted a descriptive content analysis of the transparency provisions implemented by February 2017 in nine European Union (EU) countries concerning payments to health professionals, with du...

Overweight and obesity mortality trends in Canada, 1985-2000.

OBJECTIVES To investigate the temporal trends in the mortality burden attributed to overweight and obesity in Canada between 1985 and 2000. DESIGN Overweight and obesity prevalence data from six cross-sectional national population surveys, including the 1985 and 1990 Health Promotion Surveys, 1994, 1996 and 1998 National Population Health Surveys, and 2000 Canadian Community Health Survey, in...

Nurse staffing and education and hospital mortality in nine European countries: a retrospective observational study.

BACKGROUND Austerity measures and health-system redesign to minimise hospital expenditures risk adversely affecting patient outcomes. The RN4CAST study was designed to inform decision making about nursing, one of the largest components of hospital operating expenses. We aimed to assess whether differences in patient to nurse ratios and nurses' educational qualifications in nine of the 12 RN4CAS...